Kilos use a combination of electrical and diesel power for propulsion - generally electrical power when submerged and diesel power when surfaced and for charging their batteries. ![]() In lieu of torpedoes, the Kilo submarine can carry 24 mines or (possibly in the future) submarine-launched anti-ship cruise missiles (ASCMs). The Kilo-class submarine is equipped with six 21-inch diameter torpedo tubes and can carry a total of 18 torpedoes (six in the tubes and 12 reloads in the torpedo room) of various types, including wake-homing torpedoes. Moreover, their minimum operational depth is about 150 feet, which limits their flexibility: the Strait and the Persian Gulf have a lot of water that is "deep" compared to the draft of even very large surface ships but that is "shallow" for a submarine. Fast currents make them difficult to control in some areas, notably near the Strait. Kilo submarines also face some difficult constraints on their ability to operate in the Persian Gulf.
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